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Chixoy or Negro River
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The Chixoy River, also known in its upper reaches as the Río Negro, is one of Guatemala's most significant watercourses and a major tributary of the Usumacinta River. Originating in the western highlands, it carves through deep canyons and rugged terrain before reaching the border with Mexico. The river holds immense economic importance for the nation as it powers the Chixoy Hydroelectric Dam, which generates a substantial portion of Guatemala's electricity. Historically, however, the river is also associated with the tragic events of the Río Negro massacres in the early 1980s, where hundreds of indigenous Maya farmers were displaced or killed during the dam's construction. Ecologically, the Chixoy basin supports diverse flora and fauna, including various fish species and riparian vegetation adapted to fluctuating water levels. The landscape along the river transitions from stark canyon walls to lush tropical forests in its lower reaches. Today, the river serves as a symbol of the complex interplay between industrial development, indigenous rights, and environmental conservation.
- Location: Guatemala
- Nearby: Puerto San José (4 km)
Best time to visit & climate
The most pleasant time to visit is Feb, Mar, Dec.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg °C | 18 | 20 | 22 | 24 | 24 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 21 | 19 | 18 |
| Rain mm | 25 | 16 | 19 | 36 | 137 | 251 | 158 | 229 | 293 | 182 | 53 | 28 |
📋 Practical info
Getting there
Access to the Chixoy or Negro River is generally possible through nearby towns, from which unpaved paths or local transport services lead directly to the riverbanks. The journey's last segment frequently requires traversing uneven landscapes.
Best season
For an optimal experience, plan your trip during the dry season when the river flow is stable and the adjacent nature trails are fully accessible. Heavy tropical rains in the wet season can make the area quite hazardous.
Terrain & paths
The river's banks are characterized by an untamed mix of overgrown flora, exposed roots, and soft mud that challenges hikers. Proper attention to the path is essential, as the terrain is rarely flat and often presents slippery sections.
What to bring
Prepare for the elements by wearing closed-toe water shoes and applying a generous amount of insect repellent before your hike. Bringing a reliable dry bag and quick-drying apparel will significantly enhance your comfort along the river.
Parking
Secure parking options are best found at recognized local accommodations or official trailhead facilities if they exist. Leaving a car parked randomly along the wilderness roadside is generally discouraged due to security concerns.
Safety
The primary safety concern involves the rapid flow of the water and the unpredictable nature of the unpaved paths. Keep a safe distance from sudden drop-offs, and never attempt to cross the river during periods of heavy local rainfall.
Time needed
A brief stop to view the main river highlights can be completed in about two to three hours under normal conditions. For a more immersive experience involving guided walks or picnicking by the shore, a full day trip is highly recommended.
Geography
Facts
- The Chixoy River is approximately 400 kilometers long.
- The Chixoy Hydroelectric Plant was commissioned in 1983.
- The dam structure stands at a height of 110 meters.
- The river forms part of the international border between Guatemala and Mexico.
- Its drainage basin covers an area of more than 12,000 square kilometers.
- Archaeological sites like Cauinal are now submerged beneath the reservoir's waters.
Explore nearby
Notable places around
Route planner — Car & Motorhome
Where do you start? We build the route here, with stops and country notes along the way.
Vehicle
Only stops with (optional):
© OpenStreetMap contributors · OpenRouteService
Sights nearby
Frequently asked questions
How difficult is hiking along the Río Chixoy?
Routes vary, but often require good fitness and sturdy footwear.
Is the water suitable for swimming?
Caution is advised due to strong currents; check locally for safe zones.
What is the best time of year to visit?
The drier months offer the best conditions for hiking and views.
Is there parking nearby?
Parking is limited; it is best to use organized tours or local transport.
Should I bring binoculars?
Yes, the region is rich in birds and wildlife, which are easier to spot with one.
Chixoy or Negro River: where is it located?
Chixoy or Negro River is located in Guatemala.
Chixoy or Negro River: when is the best time to visit?
The most pleasant time to visit is Feb, Mar, Dec.
Chixoy or Negro River: why is it worth visiting?
The Chixoy River, also known in its upper reaches as the Río Negro, is one of Guatemala's most significant watercourses and a major tributary of the Usumacinta River.
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Nearby cities
Santa Cruz del Quiché
Capital of the El Quiché department and a center of the K'iche' Maya people.
Nebaj
One of the three main towns in the Ixil Triangle in the Quiché highlands.
Joyabaj
Town in the Quiché department, known for the Palo Volador ritual.
Chajul
Another of the principal towns in the Ixil Triangle.
San Juan Cotzal
The third town of the Ixil Triangle, known for its coffee.
Uspantán
A municipality in eastern El Quiché.
Iztapa
A historic coastal town considered the world capital of sailfish fishing.
Villa Madero
A quiet seaside settlement in Campeche offering authentic local experiences and serene views of the Gulf of Mexico.
Santiago Sacatepéquez
Famous for its All Saints' Day festival featuring giant kites.
La Democracia
Known for the pre-Columbian stone head sculptures in its main square.
Cubulco
Another Achi Maya town in Baja Verapaz.
Siquinalá
A city in Escuintla, surrounded by sugarcane plantations.
Mixco
A large city within the Guatemala City metropolitan area.
Lerma
A picturesque fishing town in the state of Campeche, known for its laid-back atmosphere and top-quality seafood.
Santa Lucía Cotzumalguapa
Important city in the Pacific region with pre-Columbian sites.
History & landmarks
🗺️
La Azotea Cultural Center
A cultural center near Antigua with museums on coffee, music, and Maya traditions.
Convent of the Capuchins
A well-preserved convent in Antigua, known for its unique circular tower.
🗺️
Miguel Ángel Asturias National Theater
A distinctive cultural center in Guatemala City, modeled to resemble a volcano.
Ixchel Museum of Indigenous Textiles and Clothing
A museum dedicated to the rich tradition of Maya textiles in Guatemala.
Nature
More places
Maya Genocide
The systematic killing of Maya peoples during the Guatemalan Civil War (1960-1996).
Gumarcaaj Ruins
The last capital of the K'iche' Kingdom, conquered and burned by the Spanish.
Laguna del Tigre National Park
The largest wetland and protected area in Guatemala, part of the Maya Biosphere Reserve.
Auto Safari Chapin
A drive-through wildlife park where animals can be observed from your car.
Chimaltenango Vegetable Valleys
Fertile valleys with vegetable farming for the capital and surrounding markets.
Laguna del Tigre Wildlife Zone
A huge protected area in Peten with wetlands, forests, and rich wildlife.
Volcán de Agua
A prominent, symmetrical volcano that dominates the landscape near Antigua Guatemala.
Acatenango Volcano
A stratovolcano often hiked to watch the erupting Fuego volcano.