Bay of Fundy

The Bay of Fundy, positioned between the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, is globally renowned for experiencing the highest tidal range on Earth, reaching upwards of 16 meters in the Minas Basin. Twice each day, approximately 160 billion tons of seawater flow in and out of the bay, a volume exceeding the combined discharge of all the world's freshwater rivers. This extraordinary natural phenomenon is caused by the bay's unique funnel-like geometry and a principle known as tidal resonance, where the water's natural oscillation period matches the lunar tide cycle. Centuries of relentless tidal action have carved the shoreline into dramatic formations, most notably the Hopewell Rocks, massive sandstone 'flowerpots' that stand as islands at high tide but allow visitors to walk on the ocean floor at low tide. The bay is an ecologically critical marine environment, serving as a primary feeding ground for twelve species of whales, including the critically endangered North Atlantic Right whale. The nutrient-rich waters support a vast array of marine life, attracting millions of migratory shorebirds each year. Geologically, the region is a window into the Triassic and Carboniferous periods; the Joggins Fossil Cliffs on the Nova Scotia side provide an unparalleled record of life from 300 million years ago and are designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site. Fundy National Park preserves the pristine Acadian forests and rugged coastal cliffs, offering a front-row seat to the most powerful tides in the world.

History & landmarks

Hopewell Rocks

Known for its unusual rock formations shaped by tidal erosion.

Peggy's Cove Lighthouse

An iconic lighthouse on the coast of Nova Scotia.

Halifax

Capital of Nova Scotia

Fredericton

Capital of New Brunswick

Charlottetown

Charlottetown is the capital of Prince Edward Island and is known as the "Birthplace of Confederation".

St. Lawrence River

Major river connecting Great Lakes to Atlantic

Quebec City

Capital of Quebec

Gros Morne

National park in Newfoundland

More places

Port of Halifax

Strategically important deep-water port on the Atlantic.

Fortress of Louisbourg

18th-century French fortress on Cape Breton Island.

Plains of Abraham

Site of a pivotal battle between the French and British.

Quebec Maple Syrup

The world's leading producer of authentic maple syrup.

L'Anse aux Meadows

Archaeological site of a Viking settlement in Newfoundland.

Baffin Island

Canada's largest island, located in the Arctic.

Rideau Canal

Historic waterway connecting Ottawa and Kingston.

Algonquin Provincial Park

Ontario's oldest provincial park, featuring dense forests.